On the influence of turbulent kinetic energy level on accuracy of $k-\varepsilon$ and LRR turbulence models

This paper presents research regarding the influence of turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) level on accuracy of Reynolds averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) based turbulence models. A theoretical analysis of TKE level on accuracy of the RANS turbulence models has been performed according to the Boussinesq hypothesis definition. After that, this theoretical analysis has been investigated by comparison of numerically and experimentally obtained results on the test case of a steady-state incompressible swirl-free flow in a straight conical diffuser named Azad diffuser. Numerical calculations have been performed using the OpenFOAM CFD software and first and second-order closure turbulence models. TKE level, velocity profiles and Reynolds stresses have been calculated downstream in four different cross sections of the diffuser. Certain conclusions about modeling turbulent flows by $k-\varepsilon$ and LRR turbulence models have been made by comparing the velocity profiles, TKE distribution and Reynolds stresses on the selected cross sections.